"Tourism, ecotourism and protected areas". When power is supplied by diesel or gasoline generators there is additional noise and pollution. It is important to note the increasing popularity of sport-tourism event research, which has high research potential, especially with a focus on economic development across different geographical scalesregionally, nationally and globally. As suggested by Zhang and Park [, Limitations do exist when conducting systematic quantitative literature reviews. Sorice, M. G., Oh, C. O., & Ditton, R. B. ; Lpez-Snchez, J.A. [69], Expeditions have removed supplies and equipment left by climbers on Everest's slopes, including hundreds of oxygen containers. Getz, D. Event tourism: Definition, evolution, and research. Marion, J.L. . Entertainment and recreational facilities will allow for more opportunity to socialize and engage with each other. 12 Ways Sports Make a Positive Impact - Bleacher Report [18][19] Although cultural tourism provides opportunities for understanding and education, there are serious impacts that arise as a result. (2016). This was not possible during the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games in Beijing, where tickets were not made available to spectators from outside of China. Sports tourism and perceived socio-economic impact in Kenya: The case Rollins, R., Dearden, P. and Fennell, D. (2016). We have used the time frame from 1990 to 2016 and we have taken all the international events occurred in India during this span of time. Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. A Bibliometric Analysis of Sports Tourism and Sustainability (20022019). The aim is to provide a snapshot of some of the Commentary - Sport as an Avenue of Tourism Development: An Analysis of Balancing the Positive and Negative Impacts of Sport Events Tourism - IBIMA [26], Community participation refers to the collaboration between community members for the purposes of achieving common goals, improving their local community and pursuing individual benefits. ; Marrone, M.; Singh, A.K. Results reveal the following 1) The development patterns of ice and snow attractions in northern and southern China are different. ; Dixon, A.W. Economic dimensions focus on costs and benefits (as suggested by Peri et al. When taking into account the strategic planning elements and attributes together, those two terms belong primarily to research published in the second decade of the 21st century. In recent decades, tourism industry has rapidly developed, and that also brings various impacts to the destinations and nations, particularly in economic impact. those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without Impacts of Sport Tourism in the Urban Regeneration of Host Cities It is therefore necessary to have a wide support and participation of the local community to ensure a long-term growth [, In general, event organizers want events to be sustainable, meaning that events will produce (in each dimension) more social benefits than costs to the overall community. ; Zhang, J.J. Development of a scale measuring destination image. [10], In contrast, indirect economic impacts of tourism can be found in investment spending surrounding a tourism offering from private and governmental interests. Residents perceptions on impacts of the FIFA 2002 World Cup: The case of Seoul as a host city. The event will be organized in Shiraz. Positive Impacts Sport tourism has the ability to strengthen national identity and community spirit as the locals come together to promote and share their culture. Major sporting events, such as the Olympic Games, football and rugby championships have become powerful tourism attractions in themselves - making a very positive contribution to the tourism image of the host destination. Nevertheless, the impact of the event should be seen in a longer term and in wider aspects. Moreover, the proposed eight strategic dimensions can also act as a framework for future studies on event organization and event impacts. ", "Monuments Men: protecting cultural heritage in war zones", "UNESCO Director-General calls for stronger cooperation for heritage protection at the Blue Shield International General Assembly", "Action plan to preserve heritage sites during conflict", "Karl von Habsburg auf Mission im Libanon", "The Role of Tourism in the Ecosystem Services Framework", "A typology for the classification, description and valuation of ecosystem functions, goods and services", "Why Tourism Should Dieand Why It Won't", "Advances and challenges in sustainable tourism toward a green economy", Australian Sustainable Coastal Tourism Policy, "The sport of turtle riding 'the Greatest Liar on Earth', "The Role of Tourism and Recreation in the Spread of Non-Native Species: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis", "Stress Response of Working African Elephants to Transportation and Safari Adventures", "Mount Everest - Geology, Height, Exploration, & Mountaineering", "Tourism and COVID-19: Impacts and implications for advancing and resetting industry and research", "Understanding sexual relationships between tourists and locals in Cuzco/Peru", "Sexual Behavior, Knowledge of STI Prevention, and Prevalence of Serum Markers for STI Among Tour Guides in Cuzco/Peru", "The Contribution of Tourists and Visitors to Road Traffic Accidents: A Preliminary Analysis of Trends and Issues for Central Scotland", "Accident risk of foreign driversthe case of Russian drivers in South-Eastern Finland", "Investigation of the effect of tourism on road crashes", "Positive Psychological Well-Being and Mortality: A Quantitative Review of Prospective Observational Studies", "The Effects of Family Composition, Health, and Social Support Linkages on Mortality", "Walkability assessment and tourism cities: the case of Venice", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Impacts_of_tourism&oldid=1161390128, provides credible data on the impact of tourism and the associated employment, is a framework for organizing statistical data on tourism, is an international standard endorsed by the UN Statistical Commission, is an instrument for designing economic policies related to tourism development, provides data on tourism's impact on a nation's balance of payments, provides information on tourism human resource characteristics, This page was last edited on 22 June 2023, at 11:09. [71] With the ever-increasing number of tourist arrivals, there is an ever-increasing quantity of global greenhouse gasses (GHG) being produced by the tourism industry. To reach its objectives, the authors examined the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database, searching for relevant scientific papers focusing primarily on the impacts and legacy of sport events, strategic planning elements, and attributes necessary for achieving sustainability through a systematic quantitative review and content analysis. Tourism impacts tourist destinations in both positive and negative ways, encompassing economic, socio-cultural, and environmental dimensions. Getz, D.; McConnell, A. Gibson, H.J. Community participation strengthens communities and help to create a sense of belonging, trust and credibility among members. [76][78], However, visitors are attracted to the less industrial scene of these islands,[75] and according to a survey, over 80% of the people enjoyed the natural landscape when they visited, many commenting that they wanted to protect and save the wildlife in the area. "[40] Anti-tourism sentiment also seems to be linked to a clash of identity and people's individualism.[41]. [57] Indirect impacts on trails include changes in soil porosity, changes to microflora composition, problems with seed dispersion and germination, and degradation of soil nutrient composition. Kaplanidou, K.; Karadakis, K.; Gibson, H.; Thapa, B.; Walker, M.; Geldenhuys, S.; Coetzee, W.J. "Regional economic impacts of tourism: The case of Denmark". Tourists also use public services, creating funding for public services, such as health, the police and the fire department, as well as increasing the demand for public transport. [59], Certain invasive species, such as the zebra mussel, are spread through tourist activities, which can have a negative impact on local ecosystems. Indeed, decision-making, participation in events and loyalty to an event very often depend on satisfaction with various event elements/attributes in addition to entertainment, attractions, and supplemental destination activities [. Simply agreeing international contracts and contacting state authorities is not enough. The demonstration effect argues that local inhabitants copy the behavioral patterns of tourists. This problem is a common occurrence in literature review papers (see [. Tourism also has the advantage of rebuilding and restoring historic sites and encouraging the revitalization of cultures. Tourists often engage and learn from the locals. No special Innovation diffusion is when the community adopts practices that are developed by another group; whereas cultural adaptation is less adoption of a new culture and more the process of changing when the existing culture is changed. Shifflet, D.K. But not every business has been successful in this, as many are still in the nascent stage of their digitalization journey. Dwyer, L. Triple bottom line reporting as a basis for sustainable tourism: Opportunities and challenges. economic impacts of sports tourism. [47] The negative impact can be a destruction of the very experience that people are seeking. IJSSTH, (12), 3. Jago, L.; Chalip, L.; Brown, G.; Mules, T.; Ali, S. Building Events Into Destination Branding: Insights From Experts. [74][75][76][77], Mass tourism, including the cruise industry, tends to put a strain on fragile island ecosystems and the natural resources it provides. [70] A seven-hour flight on a Boeing 747 produces 220 tonnes of CO2, which is the equivalent of driving an average size family saloon car for a year, or the energy requirement of an average family home for nearly 17 years. Among them, 60 research papers were empirical, 15 theoretical (literature reviews) and two included both theoretical and empirical research. Over the years, carelessness and excessive consumption of resources by mountaineers, as well as overgrazing by livestock, have damaged the habitats of snow leopards, lesser pandas, Tibetan bears, and scores of bird species. : paper concept and writing of conclusions. Over the past few decades, event tourism (culture, sporting and business-related events) has become a rapidly expanding segment of the leisure travel market [, Management and planning issues are a key focus [, Economic and related tourism benefits are seen as tangible or hard impacts, and thus local stakeholders see the hosting of events as beneficial. This is important when trying to get the support of the entire community and to gain a better understanding how residents experience both positive and negative event impacts. Custdio, M.J.; Azevedo, A.; Perna, F. Sport events and local communities: A partnership for placemaking. While, Gammon and Robinson (1997) proposed sports tourism be defined as Hard Sports Tourism and Soft Sports Tourism. [14][5][15] Foreign ownership creates leakage (revenues leaving the host community for another nation or multinational business) which strips away the opportunity for locals to make meaningful profits. 11: 4473. Legacy planning of the event and aspects which remain permanent, or which take some determinate period as well as human health and well-being and education, are factors that can aid organizational success. [75][76], Tourism brings both positive and negative effects on the health of local people. Hallmann, K.; Breuer, C. Image Fit between Sport Events and their Hosting Destinations from an Active Sport Tourist Perspective and its Impact on Future Behaviour. Their impacts increase accordingly. The research results could facilitate organizers and help them to avoid mistakes when planning, organizing, financing and managing future events with a particular emphasis on sustainability principles. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12114473, Subscribe to receive issue release notifications and newsletters from MDPI journals, You can make submissions to other journals. "Trail Resource Impacts and an Examination of Alternative Assessment Techniques". ; Filo, K. Engaging Volunteers From Regional Communities: Non-Host City Resident Perceptions Towards a Mega-Event and the Opportunity to Volunteer. Conversely, tourism also has the effect that certain cultural assets become known and, in the event of war, parties to the conflict want to prevent their destruction with regard to international opinion. Getz, D. Assessing the economic impacts of festivals and events: Research issues. With the presence of obstacles such as fallen trees or puddles, trails becomes widened or informal trails are created to bypass the obstacle. Sport tourism also results in negative impact on host cities, they include local community displacement, crowding,hooliganism, crime and disruptions in the normal life of the local people (Higham, 1999).the impact of sport tourism on the environment can be negative as a result of clearing of trees, building ski huts etc.the impact of sport touri. [35], In recent years,[when?] Khor, P.; Radzliyana, R.; Lim, K. Dimension of sports tourists orientation in the Malaysian context. These actions favor social participation and inclusion, equal opportunities, and more positive attitudes towards sports tourism and inclusive sport. Tourism has also correlated to the rise of delinquent behaviors in local host communities. Byon, K.K. "The economic impacts of tourism in Botswana, Namibia and South Africa: Is poverty subsiding?". Environmental sustainability focuses on the overall viability and health of ecological systems. Find support for a specific problem in the support section of our website. Notable in the cleanup endeavour have been the efforts of the Eco Everest Expeditions, the first of which was organized in 2008 to commemorate the death that January of Everest-climbing pioneer Sir Edmund Hillary. 2015). Turco, D.M. Given what we perceive collectively about sporting events and the unique platform they provide mentioned above, this all makes sense. On the other hand, others argue that acculturation and modernization will help traditional communities adjust in a modern world. There are both positive and negative impacts from sport tourism. Estimating income effects of a sport tourism event. Today, significance and impacts of sports tourism are considered from various aspects, but predominant research is focused on: -Direct and indirect economic consequences -Use of sports tourism as . Please let us know what you think of our products and services. The key words (i.e., sport tourism event and impacts; sport tourism event and legacy; sport and tourism and event and element; sport and tourism and event and attribute) in key fields (from titles, abstracts or keywords) means we have maybe excluded some articles that were still of relevance (conceptually). There are ways to decrease the spread of non-native species, such as taking care in removing seeds from shoes and pants after hiking or biking, thoroughly cleaning boats when moving between bodies of water, and creating designated pathway management plans. H0: Sports tourism has a significant positive impact on economic growth of a host nation Research Methodology In this section, we have discussed the research model for this research study. Some findings suggest that positive environmental impacts result when new sport infrastructures are built on devastated or reclaimed land and are a strategy to improve a site (see [, Although the main dimensions of sport event impacts are established (i.e., economic, socio-cultural and environmental), the scope of these dimensions are not unifiedand sometimes result in very different impact outcomes. Clark, J.; Kearns, A. If cultural assets bring the population an economic advantage, they are also interested in their preservation. Balancing the Positive and Negative Impacts of Sport Events Tourism This answers one or more research questions, selects criteria for the inclusion/exclusion of the studies, requires a preliminary overview of the current state of research, helps identifying research gaps and proposes future research agenda [, A comprehensive review was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020, thoroughly searching the WoSCC database for scientific journal papers published in the English language that contain the terms sport tourism event and impact in the topic (from titles, abstracts or keywords) from early publishing dates to the end of December 2019. Tourism also has positive and negative health outcomes for local people. One of the most prominent examples of such a mobilization was the so-called "Tourists go home" movement, which emerged in 2014 in Spain due to slogans and mottos calling the tourists to go back to their homes. Furthermore, this paper has several practical implications. When considering event host locations, regarding the sample of papers in this study, Europe (18 publications) and Asia (17 publications) are most represented. This certainly does not happen by chance, and sporting events need careful planning and implementation. To conclude, this paper contributes to the relevant theories of sports management, event management, tourism management and stakeholder management. There are 17 publications originating from this research that refer to strategic event and/or destination elements and strategic event and/or destination attributes. This paper aims to review and systematize a wide spectrum of social impacts that outdoor sport-tourism events create from the perspective of key stakeholders and addresses strategic planning elements necessary for achieving event sustainability. The community and the tourists both benefit from community participation, as it boosts their respect for the traditional lifestyle and values of the destination community. [87] Since diverse interactions of local people with tourists provide positive experiences that could affect physical health, tourism development might positively influence the health of the local people in the long run through positive emotions and social interactions. As you can see, sports tourism has several positive, long-term impacts on your community. positive feedback from the reviewers. To explore or race? That individual goes on to spend that dollar on lunch from a local vendor, and that vendor goes on to spend it locally. Ntloko, N.; Swart, K. Sport tourism event impacts on the host communityA case study of Red Bull Big Wave Africa. Rosenbaum, M.; Wong, I.A. [14] In addition, the local economy is stimulated and diversified, goods are manufactured more locally, and new markets open for local business owners to expand to. World cups were also a common event focus, FIFA World Cups in particular with ten publications and other international and national races. Naples (USA), revealed after an exploratory factor analysis that the impacts associated with tourism, sports explicitly tourism, can be structured into four factors: social benets, environmental benets, economic benets, and generally negative impacts. Negative and Positive Impacts of Sport Tourism by salim jumjum - Prezi There are a range of impacts from hiking, trekking, and camping that directly affect the activity area. Its time to take an in-depth look at what sports tourism industry does: First,it is better to define the subject: Sport Tourism refers to travel which involves either observing or participating in a sporting event. Goeldner, C. R., & Ritchie, J. Conservation activities and biodiversity 4. [8] At the same time, there are positive long-term impacts of tourism on residents' health and well-being outcomes through improving healthcare access positive emotions, novelty, and social interactions. [26] There are a number of social, economic and behavioral reasons as to why the demonstration effect comes into play. [6], About 1.4 billion people visited another country in 2019, with tourist spending contributing about US$1.45 trillion to the global economy. To systemize event and destination strategic elements and attributes for achieving sustainability, this study considers eight categories: social, cultural, organizational, logistic, communication, economic, tourism, and environmental. Ruiz, T.C.D. Cheng, M.; Edwards, D.; Darcy, S.; Redfern, K. A Tri-Method Approach to a Review of Adventure Tourism Literature: Bibliometric Analysis, Content Analysis, and a Quantitative Systematic Literature Review. In many ways, the answer is yes; but not always in a positive way! Kaplanidou, K.; Jordan, J.S. Limerick Chamber on Twitter: "RT @LimerickCouncil: Karen Brosnahan Kim, W.; Walker, M. Measuring the social impacts associated with Super Bowl XLIII: Preliminary development of a psychic income scale. Ecotourism, nature tourism, wildlife tourism, and adventure tourism take place in environments such as rain forests, high alpine, wilderness, lakes and rivers, coastlines and marine environments, as well as rural villages and coastline resorts. Reis, A.C.; Frawley, S.; Hodgetts, D.; Thomson, A.; Hughes, K. Sport Participation Legacy and the Olympic Games: The Case of Sydney 2000, London 2012, and Rio 2016. "Crime as tourism externality." In rural destinations activities such as hiking can impact the local ecology. Awareness raising and experience 2. Please note that many of the page functionalities won't work as expected without javascript enabled. Rivers can be altered, excessively extracted, and polluted by the demands of tourists. Impacts of tourism - Wikipedia [58], As many hikers and trekkers take multi-day trips, a large number will camp overnight either in formal or random campsites. This offers an ambience where the social interaction between the visitors and local population facilitates and develops a positive image of the destination [. the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, Tourism can raise property values near the tourism area, effectively pushing out locals and encouraging businesses to migrate inwards to encourage and take advantage of more tourist spending. Such practices also altered physical features of the landscape and caused a loss in biodiversity, leading to the disruption of ecosystems. For example, the ocean environment suffers from the dumping of wastewater and sewage, anchors damage the seabed and coral reefs and smokestack emissions pollute the air. Mapping the knowledge domain of European and North American-based sociology of sport, 20082018. Kruger, M.; Viljoen, A. Destination vs event attributes: Enduring spectators loyalty. Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for [, Indeed, societal needs, shared values and meeting individual group needs, equal rights/access are important points of focus. "The growth of coastal tourism in the Red Sea: present and future effects on coral reefs". An inherent aspect of tourism is the seeking of authenticity, the desire to experience a different cultural setting in its natural environment. Some experts believe small-scale events are more beneficial to host economies, as they bear less expense. Infrastructure, Tourism services, Self-achievement, Escapism, Support, Event location, Entertainment, Sport and event services, Image, Tourism services, Safety, Infrastructure and transportation, Shops, Nature, Leisure facilities, Sport facilities, Friendliness of locals, Destination accessibility, Promotion, Exposure, Sport and event services, Resources, Infrastructure, Low costs, Tourism opportunities and services, Cultural attractions, Shops, Nature, Transportation, Inexpensive prices, Low crime and political canter, Image, Politics, Leisure facilities, Culture, Nature, Destination location, Infrastructure, Natural resources, Infrastructure, Friendliness of locals, Politics, Costs, Tourism services, Safety, Leisure facilities, Shops, Culture, Infrastructure, Services, Facilities, Traffic, Coordination, Preparation, Supporters, Entertainment, Services.
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